πρόσωπον

πρόσωπον, τό: pl. πρόσωπα, [dialect] Ep. ([dialect] Aeol.acc. to Sch.Il.7.212)

A

προσώπατα Od.18.192

, AP5.230 (Maced.), Opp.C.1.419, etc.; dat.

προσώπασι Il.7.212

: a masc. nom. πρόσωπος is cited from Pl.Com.250:— face, countenance (cf. μέτωπον), Hom., always in pl., even of a single person, Il.7.212, 18.414, Od.19.361, al. (exc. Il.18.24), and so in Hes. Op.594 (v.l. -πον), S.Fr.871.6(v.infr.), El.1277(lyr.), OC314, X.An. 2.6.11(dub.), AP9.322 (Leon.): sg. in h.Hom.10.2,31.12, and usu. in later writers;

π. κλιθὲν προσώπῳ Simon.37.12

;

εἰς π. βλέπειν E. Hipp.280

; ἐς π. τινὸς ἀφικέσθαι come before him, ib.720;

π. πρός τινα στρέφειν Id.Ph.457

;

οὐκ ὄψεσθε τὸ π. μου LXXGe.43.3

, cf. UPZ 70.5 (ii B.C.); κατὰ πρόσωπον in front, facing, Th.1.106, X.Cyr.1.6.43, etc.; τὴν κατὰ π. τῆς ἀντίας φάλαγγος τάξιν ib.6.3.35; κατὰ π. Αἰγύπτου facing, fronting Egypt, LXX Ge.25.18; opp. κατὰ νώτου, Plb. 1.28.9; κατὰ π. ἄγειν, opp. κατὰ κέρας ὑπεραίρειν, Id.11.14.6, etc.; κατὰ π. in person,

ἡ κατὰ π. ἔντευξις Plu.Caes.17

; κατὰ π. παραμυθήσασθαι, opp. διὰ τοῦ ψαφίσματος, IG42(1).86.22 (Epid.); so

κατὰ πρόσωπα Eudox.Ars11.21

; also πρὸς τὸ π. X.Cyn.10.9; ἐπὶ προσώπου Ἰεριχώ in front of Jericho, LXX De.34.1;

ἔρρ' ἐκ προσώπου Herod. 8.59

;

ἀπὸ π. τῆς γῆς LXXAm.9.8

; βλέπειν εἰς π. τινός regard his countenance, Ev.Matt.22.16: usu. of the face of man or God, as

λειτουργῶν τῷ π. Κυρίου LXX 1 Ki.2.11

; οἱ ἄρτοι τοῦ π., of shewbread, ib.21.6: of the ibis, Hdt.2.76; of dogs,

ἀπὸ τῶν π. φαιδραί X.Cyn.4.2

; of horses, Arist.HA631a5; of deer, ib.579a2; of fish, Anaxandr. 30,33.16; face of the moon, S.Fr.871.6 (pl.), Plu.2.920b: metaph.,

ἀργυρωθεῖσαι πρόσωπα . . ἀοιδαί Pi.I.2.8

.

2 front, façade, Id.P.6.14, cf. E.Ion 189 (lyr., pl.); κατὰ π. τοῦ ἱεροῦ, τῆς νεώς, PPetr.3p.2 (iii B.C.), Ach.Tat.3.1,2;

τιθέναι τὰς φιάλας ἐπὶ πρόσωπον Asclep.Myrl.

ap.Ath.11.501d.

II one's look, countenance, A.Ag.639,794 (anap., pl.), Eu.990 (anap., pl.), etc.; οὐ τὸ σὸν δείσας π. S.OT448: metaph.,

φαίνοισα π. Ἀλάθεια Pi.N.5.17

.

2 Astrol., decan considered as the domain of a planet, ἐν ἰδίοις π. Vett.Val.62.21, Paul. Al.C.2.

III = προσωπεῖον, mask, D.19.287 (-εῖον is v.l.), Arist. Po.1449a36, b4, Pr.958a17, Dsc.3.144 (v.l.), Poll.2.47;

π. ὑπάργυρον κατάχρυσον IG12.276.6

, cf. 42(1).102.58,68 (Epid., iv B.C.), Clara Rhodos 6/7.428; ὀθόνινον π. prob. in Pl.Com.142;

π. περίθετον Aristomen.5

; of the Roman imagines, Plb.6.53.5; bust or portrait, Sammelb.5221, OGI432.1 (Naksh-i-Rustam, iii A.D.).

2 dramatic part, character, Phld.Rh.1.199S., Arr.Epict.1.29.45 and 57; κωφὸν π. Cic.Att.13.19.3; character in a book, τὸ τῆς Ἑλλάδος ὄνομα καὶ π. Plb.8.11.5; τὸ τοῦ Ὀδυσσέως π. Id.12.27.10, cf. Phld.Po.5.32; also ἀστοχεῖν τοῦ π., of an author, Callisth.44J.;

ἐπὶ προσχήματι καὶ π. δικαστῶν Ael.Fr.168

.

IV person, Phld.Rh.1.52S. (pl.);

ἀδίκως μὴ κρῖνε πρόσωπον Ps.-Phoc.10

; προσώπῳ, οὐ καρδίᾳ in person, in bodily presence, 1 Ep.Thess.2.17, cf. 2 Ep.Cor.5.12; ποιεῖν or πληροῦν τὸ π. τινός to represent a person, PRein.56.30 (iv A.D.), Sammelb. 6000ii 12 (vi A.D.); λαμβάνειν π. τινός admit a person to one's presence,

εἰ προσδέξεταί σε, εἰ λήψεται πρόσωπόν σου LXXMa.1.8

; hence, = προσωποληπτεῖν, Ev.Luc.20.21, Ep.Gal.2.6; μὴ ἀποστρέψῃς τὸ π. μου, i.e. do not reject my prayer, LXX 3 Ki.2.20; θαυμάσαι π. ἀσεβοῦς ib.Pr.18.5; ὁ θεὸς ὁ μέγας . . , ὅστις οὐ θαυμάζει π. οὐδὲ οὐ μὴ λάβῃ δῶρον ib.De.10.17.

2 legal personality, Bion Borysth. ap. D.L.4.46.

3 Gramm., person, D.T.638.4,A.D.Pron.3.12, etc.; γυναικεῖα π. Alex.Trall.2.

4 π. πόλεως a feature of the city, of a person, Cic.Fam.15.17.2.

5 f.l.in Zeno Stoic.1.23 (cf.Nicol.Prog.p.4 F.).